Oil burner



Feb(v 1s', 1,927.l 1,618,067

C. P. DAY l OIL BllJRNER liled Feb. 25, 1924 s sheets-sheet 1 4i INVENTOR:

I ATTORNEYS.

Feb. 15, 1927.

@Pf-"PAY v OIL BURNER Feb. 15, 1927;

3.v P. vDAY OIL BURNER Filed Feb.- 25, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENToR: f@ 1 ATTORNEYS Cil Patented Feb, l5, i927.

onfA-EEEsir; Ei/iYgioEEnsr ORANGE; NEW. JERSEY; Asere'noiafro nnir:ELnEn,ff.r1\re; ,zA

. coEroRArionioEf 11a-Eurarrasar.'y j

Application.lediF/ebruaryr25, 1924. Serial No. 69439117; Y

This invcntionrelatesmore particularly to oilburnersfor use iin connection with' the furnaeesoiheaters of dwellinghouses and thelike, so as to do away with coal and eniploy the lightergradesot. 'ueloil in `place of the same.- I'shall therefore describe-my invention in connection withsuch a burner, although. I desire it' understood that the invention or any part thereof canbe employed in anyV kindvof alburnerA towhich it may be found, applicable without departingfroin thespirit vand scope or' inf; invention.

Tlievobjectsoftlie invention; are to secure aY construction of. vburner which shall. obtain a lveryrefi'ective vaporization of oil. fedY at a low pressure, asfbjY gravit;7 feed; to secure a very eectivemixture of air with` the vapoi-ized oil,.sothat. a stronghot flame is obtained; to enable the ysupply oisueh air to be eonvenientlyfand closely regulated so asy Figure 2is-afside elevationfpartlv inver-Y tical central -seetion and showing" the vapoi'izingmember yabout kto -beassembled with thefother parts; Y f

Figure 3ds afpartial sectionfon line SQS of Fig. 1; Y 'A Figure 4 Tis a section on* line 4'-4 of Figl; Y

`Figure 5 is -a side elevation of the lower part of the burner; Y

Figure 6- illustratesl a modified form of control for the air supplyandis a view 'in vei'ticalxsection online 6.-6 'oli' Figure 7 except that-the lower central part, of the burner is in side elevation with two-ot its supporting arms broken7 and Figure-7 is a Vsimilar section taken at right angles; to that` ol'. Fig; 6.;

' In the 1 speci-lic.' embodiment voffthe: invention shown in' Figures 1'5 inclusive, ljindi- Cates the annular base portion of? the main casting oi myimproved burneig'said'annuL lar base portion beingadapted' to Istandfdi-V reet-ly on the grate of a furnace the, bars' of which are indicated at2,`2, Fig. 1, and

the entire grate outside l andl 'around the burner being covered, as by sheet-.materialBQ so as to direct the entirevintalre or draft-of air upward through the-'annular base portion 1. Said annular base portion 11has at its -upper partl inwardly projeetingwebs 4 and 5 whichserve to supportv a. eentralf por.-

tion aroundwhieh Ithe air "draft may pass upward, said central 'portion providingga peripheral trough 6 andhavingat its center an.. upwardy; extending burner portion y7. Y This burner portion has a` lreduced.upperf pari-1.8 whieh is closed at'its top,..anda cen tral. fuel supply pipe .9 vscrewed into'the underside ofV lsaid closed".toplandha :burner tube 10 screwed vinto said olosedytoprom the upper side, so that. a continuous duet therethrough is urnished'for thev Oil;A A` vaporizating member 11 'has a lower tubular end 12 ywhich setsdown. over the-.upper .reduced part 8 of the burner. portion, and forms .at its upper part. -a liattened-"cylindrfi-f cal vaporizing chamber 13 into vwhich 1the burner" tube projects. Space-.is provided ai-ound-V said burner tube` in theAV` ybottonifof the -vaporizing .chamber 12,1.andispafoe 4is also provided' between the rbottom rot. said vaf porizing chamber and the 'topofv -tlieupper part 8 of the burnerI portion; as .wel-las between theV outer wally of Said part-"8V and theV inner wall of the-lower tubularend 12 of the vaperizing, member. The shoulder formed by reducing the-upperv part `Slot the burner portion 7 is yprovidedwith` alseat 14 to receive Vthe f lower .end of the tubular low'- er portion 12. of the vaporizingimember; and

'2, so asl to lprovide an annular serie-s of apertures.` v *Y Extending'upward from the vannular base portion 1f is an annular easing; .16 which I theend edge of saidftubularl portion 12 is notched,` as mostl clearly shown'at 15 iniFig.

preterablyr Contracts inwardly. joverthe f' trough 6 andJ receives atwits upper edgea Haring section 17. Preferably :thisfaring section 1'? of the leasiiflg,y extendsV from# about the level l of the' reduction-f ofi the burner por.-

lin

level of thehvaporizing member 11, although it may extend either higher or lower at both it top and bottom, as may be found desira le.

i The burner tube 10 is preferably branched at its upper end, so that oil supplied through the tube 9 drips from tbe open ends of the branches 18, 18 onto the floor of the Vaporizing chamber 13 at a plurality of points. Said floor is preferably elevated slightly at the center,` and, in starting the burner, as the oil rises above said elevation it flows through the aperture around the burner tube and falling onto the top of the upper part '8 of the burner portion 7 passes downward between said upper part 3 and the tubular lower portion 12 of the vaporizing member and escapes through the notches in the lower end of said 'portion 1.2. rlfhe oil then falls into the trough 6, and in starting the burner it is ignited in saidtrough 6 as by a match. Preferably, the trough 6 is provided with an overliow outlet of any suitable construction, the one I Vhave shown being a pipe 19 leading upward through the grate and beingl screwed into the widened web 5, said web being drilled as at 2O to afford communica-v tion with the trough 6 at the desired height. The flame from the oil burning in the trough 6 is directed upward by the casing sections 16, 17 and quickly heats the entire upper part of the burner, including the vaporizing member 11, so that the oil therein is vaporized and oil'no longer flows down to the trough 6 but vapor escapes at the lower notched end of the tubular portion y12 lof the vaporizing member and burns from there in an upwardly-directed outwardly-flaring annular flame. Indeed, before the vaporizingbegins, it may be that the escaping oil has been burning from the same ignition openings at the junction Vof the tubular lower end of the vaporizing member with the burner support; obviously this depends entirely on the amount of oil which has escaped before the match is applied," and is immaterial.

With the T-shaped burner tube 10 which I Vhave shown, obviously the aperture through the floor ofthe vaporizing chamber 13 must be elongated, as shown in Fig. a, in order to assemble the vaporizing member into its place, and so as to enable said vaporizing member to be accurately turned with said 'elongated aperture 21 transverse to the T-head, I supply some outside indicating means such as ribs 22, 22 on opposite sides of the burner portion 7 and other ribs 23, 23 on the top of the vaporizing member 11 which when brought into vertical plane of the ribs 22, 22 ensure that the aperture 21 and burner tube 'l`head are in proper transverse relation. Y

Preferably, the vapor .discharge orifices Vare accurately determined 'b y forming at the junction of theburner portion 7 and its upper reduced part 3 an upwardly projecting annular rib 24; into the inner edge of which the seat 1li can be machined, so that when the extremities of the teeth formed by the notches 15, see Fig. 2 are correspondingly machined, as at 25, the position ofthe vaporizing member will be accurately centered and the size of the discharge orices accurately determined.

The air entering the burner from beneath is prevented from passing Vinto the central part of the burner by a closure plate 26, rand if desired, the central closed chamber of the burner thus formed may be filled with any heat insulating material (not shown). The entering air thus passes upwardly around said central portion of the burner,wbetween it and the casing 16, and is preferably regulated by some means for varying the passage between the Atop of theliange 27 around the trough 6 and the inwardly curved top 28 of the casing 16. In Figures 1-5 inclusive, I have shown this accomplished by means for moving the casing 16 up and down, the annular base portion 1 being for this purpose provided with an exterior shoulder l29 upon which the lower edge of the casing 16 rests. Both said shoulder and lower edge of the casing are then provided with teeth 30 on the base 1 and 31 on the casing 16, said teeth having long inclines circumferentially of the burner, as shown in F ig. 5. By this ccnstructiemif the casing is turned to the left-hand in Fig. 5, obviously it rises with respect to the annular base 1, and by looking at Figure 1 it will be seen that this will increase the annular air passage between the top of the casing 28 and the top of the flange 27. Suchspace can 'therefore be regulated at will to control the air supply through the burner, and more particularly as to its velocity, the volume being controlled in the usual way by the furnace dampers and drafts. i

In Figures 6 and? I have shown another means for controlling the air supply, the casing 32 being fixed as to vertical movement with respect to the annular bas-e 33, and theV lower part 3l of the burnerrpertion, which has the trough 35,V being provided with an exterior sleeve 36 which can be slid up and down to vary the annular air passage between the top of sai-d sleeve and the top 37 of the inside of the casing 32. Obviously, the sleeve 36 could be moved up and down in a if'ariety of ways, but'I hav-e shown it provided with forked extensions 38 each of which straddles one of the Webs 39 which ext-end between the annular base portion 33 and the lower part 34 of the central portion of the burner. These extensions 38 support and guide the sleeve 36, and to move it up and down it is provided with diametrically opposite kdownwanlly extending lugs 410, each of which 'is pivoted as by llO vLorano? allpintl to the slotted and: b-it'urcated end ofian arnr 42 oniafrocker' shaftl 43I extend ing,V acrossI the annular base portiony 33 and journale'd atwits `opposite"endsi in the wall thereof. Fionla 'convenientiportion-i of. said sh'af't 435-' and whicli I have shownfas inter# mediate thev arms 42, 42, -an operati-ng` arm 44 extends downward and is -pivotally `connectedtoa connecting rodi 45 shownas eX- tending; to f the usuali 'hingedy air draf-tf* 146 at the-basel olithe furnace wall 47?. This air-dr=afti 46 is shownv having a Llink 48 by which it may be automaticallyj-operated:by any wellilmown thermostaticf"control (not shown). The pi1i'49 by: whiclrtheioperatr-r ing'arm 44 is -pivote'dfto the connectingrod 45 preferably works in 'slot 50,. fso :that the airfdraft '4G' mayanoye to a, cert-ain extent independe'ntlIyT ot`.fthe bur-ner sleeve'. 36;..a stopvscrew 5l wor-icing# l'onvfitudi-mrllyvv of saidfslot'.5011;0varytheffextent of; such in-V depend-'ent movement.' By 'the means de'- sc-rifbedgfor other suitably equivalent ineans, the-draft 'or pa sage ofairl throughmy .improved 4burner nrafyvbe automatically .regulated" from any'- well-knownii thermostatic controlA apparatus.

It? iwill' 'bei understood thatf. fvari'mrs'v detail changes and modifications may be made Vin my: improvedburner withoutn departing from the. spiriti andl'scopeofthe invention, ancl-therefore I. ddnotl wishito bez-understood' as limiting,` myself except-fas required bythe following claims ywhen::constmled iin `tlicliglit of the prior'art..

Having thus described l the" invention, what'. l 'claim is: l'

l. In a burnerfof the character described, an upwardly projecting cylindricah leent-ral portion 'he-ving a. ilattened top,l horizontally? disposed oircu-lairA Vaporizing chamber above 4said centrall portion forming 'with @the top thereof 'a horizontally disposed.- radially expanding Vapor@passagey andff.liz'rv-iiig;l a. low. 'er-tubular portion orming'wltli the sidesr of saidfcentnal' portion; al.downward@,cylindric. 1 annular: continuationiot said yap on passage, said vaporizin'g chambenhayinglag.central. opening intoA said vaporn passage". and lsaid vapor 'passage' terminafting:l in; a .Vapor discharge, and. meansfiion supplyingzioilf to said.:vapo1izing chamber...

2. In` a` burner: of' theV character described, an upwardly projectingV cylindrical centraal portion having'A a: flattened e top, a .horizontallyl disposed circularvaporizing chamber above said central portion forming with the top .fthereof al horizontally. disposed radially eXpandina'.` Vapor passage andfhaving': a lolwer v tubular portion.-foriniiig-with the sides.' o't saidcentralportionY a downward cylind "c annular 'continuati on of` said vyapor passage; saidV yaporizingzzchamber i hawingia central .openingl into.. sairbvapor7 discharge, mean s1 tor'asupplying .oizltofsaid` vapori-'zing ot tsaid central portion a downward *cylin-v dric annular continuationof saidlvapor pas.- sagef said vaporizing chamber having a central opening intoy said. Vaporpassage :and said' vapor passage terminating-1in a Vapor discharge,` means. .for supplyingoilto saidl Vaporfizing. chamber', and meansv for vpositioning said vaporizing chamber f and its said lower tubularpportion. onssaid 'central por'- tion Vsoas tov be separate 1t=herefromwand capable of being' lifted -upwardlyodfthe same.

4.l Inza burner ot' the characterwdescribed,

an upper horizontally disposed circular vaporizing chamber with a `"centraL outlet; in its.v licor, means or"supplying.;l oil; to said vaporizing charnberratthee sidewofi said out-.- let, a Vapor passage'having:arhoriz'ontally disposed radially expanding'iportioni at. the bottom' .of said yaporizingzchamber"andf'cornmunicating with the outlet 'thereof' l:and: 'a cylindrici. annular portionv lea-dingI downtioned portion, and `means .tondischarging vapor from .the *lower l end ot' saidy oylindric portion.. j Y

5;'I11'a buil-ner ofthe character described, an upwardly projecting; cylindrical. `central portionl .havingia' flattened.topI and arperipheral shoulder below said top,z a'ihorizontally disposed circular vaporifzingchamher above said. central: portionl ornringifwith the top thereof a'horizontally"y disposed radially -expandingwapor passa-gef and haning. alowerV tubular: portion forming; ywith the sides oisaid central portionwandownward' cylindric annular continuation. oli said vapor passage, said vVaporizinggchamber hayingi a.: cent-nal. opening.: into Y said.- 'vapor passage .and its lower tubular/portionfforming a "vapor discharge#with.V the said/shoulder of tho centrali portioinf andfgme'ans'zfor supplying foil j .tof said Vaporizingi chamber.

6..' In a burnerv ofthe: character! described, an upwardly projectingcylindrical: central vportion havingi an' flattened top and an' eX- jwarcl" from the outer edge otthefi-rst-men- 'Y terior shorrldertwitlifan upwardly '.project..

ing rib, a yhorizonftally.'A disposed circular il'ap-orizing` chamber: abovesaid-l centrale porf tion forming with :the top thereof' a` horizontal-ly disposed a radially expanding: Vapor passage and-having a lower; Itubular portion forming with, thesidesfof said central; poration: a: downward cylindrii:ifannu'laaf Acontinuation of said yvapor passage, said vaporizing chamber having a central opening into said vapor passage and its lower tubular portion seating on-said shoulder in engagement with said rib to position the parts and form thereat a vapor outlet, and means for supplying oil to said vaporizing chamber.

7 In a burner of the character described, an upwardly projecting cylindrical central portion having a flattened top and an exterior shoulder withan upwardly projecting rib, a horizontally disposed circular vaporizing chamber above said central portion forming with the top thereof a hori- Zontally disposed radially expanding vapor passage and having a lower ltubular portion forming with the sides of said central portion a downward cylindric annular continuation of said vapor passage, said vaporizing chamber having a central opening into said vapor passage and said lower tubular portion at its lower end having its wall notched and the inn-er edge of said rib and the outer edge of the notched lower end being recessed to lit together and position the parts and form an annular series of vapor discharge outlets, and means for supplying oil to said vaporizing chamber.

8. In a burner, the combination with a vaporizing V4member providing a chamber having an elongated aperture in its floor, of an oil tube extending through said aperture and having a Thead adapted to discharge oil on said floor of the vaporizing chamber at both sides of said aperture, and a burner body portion supporting said oil tube and forming with the vaporizing member a passage leading from lsaid aperture in the floor of the vaporizing chamber to a discharge outlet.

9. In a burner of the character described,

a central.r burner `portion providing a peripheral shoulder, an upper vaporizing portion having an elongated outlet in its iioor and a tubular lowerpart adapted to enclose the upper part of said central portion'and rotatably engage said shoulder to position said parts7 said vaporizing portionrbeing separate from said central portion and removable upwardly therefrom, and an oil tube extending upwardly through said central portion and floor of the vaporizing portionv and having a lateral branch to discharge oil on the floor of said vaporizing member at one side of said aperture and pre-vent removal of said vaporizing member until its outlet is in alinement therewith.

10. In a burner, the combination ofan annular base portion and a central burner portion having an enlarged bottom providingan annular space between itself and said base port-ion, an air-directing casing on said base portion extendingly upwardly and inwardly'over said bottom of the cen.n

ktral portion, Vand means for varying the said casing with respect to the central burner portion.

12. In a burner, the combination of an annular base portion and a central burner portion having an enlarged bottom-providing an annular space between itself and said base porti-on, and an air-directing casing on said base portion extending upwardly and inwardly over said bottom of the central portion, said annular base and casing having cooperative engaging means whereby turning of the casing` in one direction lowers it with respect to the central portion and turning it in the other direction raises it.

V13. In a burner, the combination of an annular base portion and a central burner portion having an enlarged bottom providing an annular .space between itself and said base portion, and an air-directing casing on said base portion extending 'upwardly and inwardly over said bottom of the central portion, said annular base and casing having at their meeting edges circuinferentially elongated inclined teeth adapted to mesh with each other .to lower t-he casing and to be turned out of mesh Vto raise the casing.

14. In a burner, theV combination of an annularv base porti-on and a central burner portion having an enlarged bottom provid-Y ing an annular space between itself and said base portion, an air-directing` casing on said base portion extending upwardlyr and in- Y wardly over said bottom of `the central portion, and cooperating means on said casing and annular base portion for varying the height of the opening between the central portion and Vsaid casing.

15. In a burner of the character described, an annular base and a' central cylindrical burner portion in fixed relation to each other and providing` between themselves an annular passage for an up-draft of air, said central burner portion having a reduced Lipper' end, an upper vaporizing portion having a laterally projecting upper part and a cylindrical lower part telescoping t-he upper reduced end of the central burner portion and forming at its lower end with said central portion vapor discharge openings at the inner side of the annular up-draft of air land beneath said laterally projecting upper part of the vaporizing portion, and a peripheral a1r-d1rectmg casing seated on said base and flaring upwardly outward around said vaporizingv portion `from the `level of said v vapor discharge openings.

16. In a burner of the character described, an annular base anda central cylindrical burner portion in xed relation to eachother and providing between themselves an annular passage for an up-draft of air7 said central burner portion having a reduced upper end, an upper vaporizing portion .having a laterally projecting upper part and a cylindrical lower part telescoping the upper reduced end of the central burner portion and forming at its lower end with said central portion vapor discharge openings at the inner side Iof the annular 11p-draft of air and beneath said laterally projecting upper part ofthe vaporizing'pcrtion, and a peripheral zur-directing casing seated on the burner Y base and forming with the central cylindrical burner portion below the vapor discharge openings an annular air passage which" extends outward further than the laterallyvprojecting upper part of the vaporizing portion, said air-directing casing having an vupper part which flares upwardly outward around said vaporizing .portion above the level of the vapor discharge openin s.

el?. In a burner ofthe character described, an annular base and a central burner portion in iiXed relation to each other and providing between themselves a passager4 for an updraft of air, an upper vaporizing portion on said central portion and projecting laterally therefrom, said vaporizing portion having a tubular lower part forming with said centra-l portion a vapor passage with discharge openings at its lower end, and a peripheral air-directing casing onsaid base `divided at substantially theVr level of fsaid discharge openings and having both its upper and lower portions seated by gravity and removable upwardly outside said vaporizing vportion and independent thereof.

CHARLES P. DAY. 

